从18世纪后期至19世纪初完成产业革命的先进国家的经济在不断发展。生产形式也从手工业向机械化大工业发展,特别最近数十年间,伴随着未曾有过的产业经济的繁荣,进入了大量生产、大量消费的时代。此间,支撑产业活动的能源需求及供给也急骤增加。另外,在物质、经济繁荣的同时,地球的自然界、生态系开始发生剧烈变化,地球的危机也随之而来。谈论的地球危机之一,由于大量而长期使用煤、石油、天然气等化石燃料使大气中二氧化碳浓度上升,即由于所谓“温室效应”导致地球的大气温度上升,故引起地球环境不断恶化。另外,最近人们担 The advanced economies that have completed the industrial revolution from the late 18th century to the early 19th century have continued to develop. The form of production has also evolved from handicrafts to mechanized major industries. In recent decades, with unprecedented industrial economic prosperity, the country has entered an era of mass production and mass consumption. During this period, energy demand and supply to support industrial activities have also increased rapidly. In addition, as the material and economic prosperity prospered, the earth’s natural world and ecosystems began to undergo dramatic changes, and the earth’s crisis followed. One of the earth’s crises that we talked about was that the use of coal, oil, natural gas, and other fossil fuels for a long period of time increased the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, that is, the so-called “greenhouse effect” caused the increase in the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere, which caused the deterioration of the global environment. In addition, people recently