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[目的]观察不同剂量X射线全身照射对大鼠血清氨基转移酶活性及肝脏结构的影响。[方法]Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为4组:对照组、2Gy组、4Gy组、6Gy组。除对照组外,其余3组大鼠按处理剂量行X射线全身单次照射。照射后第2天,经腹主动脉取血、分离血清,测量谷氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine transaminase,ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate transaminase,AST);取肝脏组织制作病理切片,观察肝脏的光学显微镜、电子显微镜结构。[结果]4Gy、6Gy组ALT水平升高,与对照组相比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);各照射组AST值与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。光镜结果显示,各照射组未见明显异常;电镜结果显示,6Gy组细胞器的改变多见于内质网,其结构松散,出现大量空泡。[结论]4Gy、6Gy X射线全身照射可对大鼠血清氨基转移酶活性造成影响,6Gy X射线照射可对肝脏结构造成损害。
[Objective] To observe the effects of different doses of X-rays on serum aminotransferase activity and liver structure in rats. [Methods] Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, 2Gy group, 4Gy group and 6Gy group. Except for the control group, the other three groups were treated with X-ray whole body irradiation according to the treatment dose. On the second day after irradiation, blood was taken from the abdominal aorta, serum was separated and alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured. The liver tissues were taken for pathological examination Observe the liver’s optical microscope and electron microscope. [Results] The levels of ALT in 4Gy and 6Gy groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the AST values between the irradiation groups and the control group (P> 0.05) . Light microscopy results showed that there was no obvious abnormality in each irradiation group. Electron microscopy showed that the changes of organelles were more common in endoplasmic reticulum than those in 6Gy group, and its structure was loose with a large number of vacuoles. [Conclusion] Whole-body irradiation with 4Gy and 6Gy X-rays can affect the serum aminotransferase activity in rats, and 6Gy X-ray irradiation can damage the liver structure.