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1992年开始,由于“泡沫经济”破灭的影响,日本国内经济出现全面的不景气。经济萧条对日本汽车厂家影响很大,在泡沫经济高潮期的大量投资出现严重剩余,再加上日元升值的打击,降低成本和减少人员成了当务之急。在这种背景下,各汽车厂家纷纷采取减量经营政策。1994年下半年以来,汽车市场有所复苏,日本国内销售额出现了多年来的新增长。但是,可以说,日本汽车行业并未走出低谷,减量经营仍然是汽车厂家经营政策的基础。 本文简要介绍丰田、日产、马自达和五十铃四大汽车制造企业近年来实施减量经营的主要措施,了解日本厂家在经济不景气条件下的经营策略,为中国企业实施困境管理提供一些启示。
Since 1992, due to the burst of the “bubble economy,” Japan’s domestic economy has experienced a complete slump. The economic recession has had a great impact on Japanese automakers, and there has been serious surplus in the massive investment during the high tide of the bubble economy. Coupled with the yen’s appreciation, the reduction of costs and the reduction of personnel has become an urgent task. In this context, auto manufacturers have adopted a reduction in operating policies. Since the second half of 1994, the automotive market has recovered and Japan’s domestic sales have seen new growth over the years. However, it can be said that the Japanese auto industry has not come out of the trough, and the reduction of production is still the basis for the automobile manufacturers’ operating policies. This article briefly introduces the major measures implemented by Toyota, Nissan, Mazda, and Isuzu’s four major automobile manufacturing companies in recent years to reduce their operations, and understands the Japanese manufacturers’ operating strategies under the economic downturn and provides some inspirations for Chinese companies to implement dilemma management.