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在自然常识课中培养学生科学素质,首先要明确科学素质的内容。一般认为,它的主要内容包括3项:1.科学知识——构成科学的科学事实、科学概念、科学规律和科学理论。小学自然常识学科中主要是教学事实和概念的知识。2.科学方法——获得科学知识的研究方法,即是观察、实验和思维方法。而思维方法主要是比较、分与合、推理、取样分析等方法。3.科学态度——科学研究中的行为规范,即是积极进取,团结合作,尊重事实和敢于发表。这些内容实际就是小学自然常识学科中的学科教学目标。自然常识课应采用在教师指导下,让学生通过对教具学具的观察、实验和思维等活动,自行从研究的事物和现象中发现和获取知
In the course of cultivating students' scientific quality in common sense class, we must first clarify the content of scientific quality. It is generally believed that its main contents include three: 1. Scientific knowledge - constitute scientific scientific facts, scientific concepts, scientific laws and scientific theories. Natural science in primary schools is mainly the teaching of facts and concepts of knowledge. 2. Scientific Methodology - A method of obtaining scientific knowledge that is the method of observation, experiment, and thinking. The main way of thinking is to compare, divide and combine, reasoning, sampling analysis and other methods. 3. Scientific Attitude - The code of conduct in scientific research means to be proactive, unite and cooperate, respect facts and be courageous to publish. These contents are actually the subject teaching objectives of the primary general natural sciences. Under the guidance of the teachers, students should use common sense lessons to observe and experiment with their learning aids, and find out and obtain information from the things and phenomena they research