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发现荧光分子探针ＤｉＯ－Ｃ１８－（３）在等渗、室温、无外源Ｃａ２＋及ｐＨ７．４的条件下快速介导人红细胞融合。丝氨酸蛋白水解酶抑制剂苯甲磺酰氟（ＰＭＳＦ）不能阻断这个过程。ＤｉＯ－Ｃ１８－（３）亦引起Ｌ－９２９（小鼠成纤维细胞瘤）细胞融合。细胞的ＤｉＯ荧光图象显示质膜上存在ＤｉＯ局域浓度很高的结合位点，从细胞及融合体表面伸出一至数条细丝，表明在细胞融合条件下，质膜确实存在一种有力的机制使细胞向外伸出稳定的质膜结构组分。结合膜静电学及膜间应力性质，推论此类突起或细丝之端区可能是细胞融合过程中水化斥力最弱且最早发生脂膜接触与融合的部位。
The fluorescent molecular probe DiO-C18- (3) was found to rapidly mediate human erythrocyte fusion under conditions of isotonicity, room temperature, exogenous Ca2 + and pH7.4. The serine protease inhibitor phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) failed to block this process. DiO-C18- (3) also causes L-929 (mouse fibroblastoma) cell fusion. The DiO fluorescence images of the cells showed high local binding sites for DiO on the plasma membrane, one to several filaments extending from the surface of the cells and fusions, indicating that there is indeed a potent plasma membrane under cell fusion conditions The mechanism causes the cells to protrude out of the stable plasma membrane structure components. In combination with the membrane electrostatics and inter-membrane stress properties, it is concluded that the terminal regions of such protrusions or filaments may be the site where the hydration repulsion in the cell fusion process is the weakest and the earliest membrane contact and fusion occur.