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通过调查,1994年全地区“中甘11号”莲花白生长异常属普遍现象,个别发生抽苔。据不完全统计,吐鲁番市、鄯善县的四乡十一个大队的近2000亩地中,包心异常约占87.5%,有九户28.5亩发生抽苔,抽苔率0.1—7.0%。调查结果表明出现以上情况的主要原因是今年气候异常所致,2月下旬至3月中旬平均气温比1993年低3.9—5.26℃,比历年平均低1—2℃,持续低温导致莲花白幼苗春化,出现包心和抽苔。调查结果还表明,在这种异常气候条件下,育苗设施简陋,不严格执行技术措施,会促使幼苗更多感受低温,加重春化;地力、肥力条件差,栽培密度大等因素也会加重生长异常情况。建议适当调整吐鲁番莲花白的传统播期,改善育苗设施,加强对农民的技术培训,使农民正确掌握莲花白的特性和栽培技术,以保证莲花白生产的高产、稳产、高效益。
Through the investigation, in 1994, the whole region “Zhong Gan 11” lotus white anomaly is a common phenomenon, individual occurrence of bolting. According to incomplete statistics, in the nearly 2,000 mu of the eleven units of the four townships in Turpan and Shanshan counties, the anomalous anomalies account for 87.5% of the total, and 28.5 mu of nine households have moss and the rate of mossing is 0.1-7.0%. The survey results showed that the main reason for the above situation was the abnormal climate this year. From late February to mid-March, the average temperature was 3.9-5.26 ℃ lower than that in 1993, 1-2 ℃ lower than the historical average. The emergence of heart and bolting. The survey results also show that under these abnormal climatic conditions, the facilities for raising nurseries are not strict and the technical measures are not strictly implemented, which will cause the seedlings to feel more low temperature and aggravate the vernalization. The factors such as poor fertility and fertility and high planting density will also aggravate the growth abnormal situation. It is suggested that the traditional sowing dates of Turpan lotus white should be properly adjusted to improve nursery facilities and technical training for farmers so that peasants can properly grasp the characteristics and cultivation techniques of lotus white to ensure the high yield, stable yield and high efficiency of lotus white production.