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1.引言地球环境问题,是指地球的暖化、臭氧层突破、酸雨、沙漠扩大、热带森林减少、海洋污染、生态平衡破坏等,作为该领域光学的测量方法,从卫星进行观测是最普及的方法。从同步卫星“向日葵”发出的云图是每天天气预报必不可少的资料。南极的臭氧空洞也是由极地轨道卫星“雨云7号”中装载的全臭氧量测绘谱仪(TOMS)观测的。另外,最近海湾战争之后,燃烧的油烟和泄漏的原油引起的海洋污染情况,由极地轨道卫星NOAA和LANDSAT装载的图像传感器观察。上述传感器全部为光学装置。利用激光进行测量并非只是局部监视,采用激光雷达,可获得空间信息。本文介绍以激光雷达和大气为中心的与地球环境有关的内容。2.激光与气体分子的相互作用
1. INTRODUCTION The problem of the Earth’s environment refers to the earth’s warming, the breakthrough in the ozone layer, the acid rain, the expansion of deserts, the reduction of tropical forests, marine pollution and ecological balance damage. As the optical measurement method in this field, observation from satellites is the most popular method. The cloud image from the geostationary satellite “Sunflower ” is an essential data for daily weather forecast. The ozone hole in the Antarctic is also observed by the TOMS, a polar orbiting satellite “Yuyun 7”. In addition, the marine pollution caused by burning soot and leaking crude oil after the Gulf War was observed by image sensors mounted on polar orbiting satellites NOAA and LANDSAT. The above sensors are all optical devices. Measuring with a laser is more than just local monitoring; it uses LIDAR for spatial information. This article describes the environment related to the Earth by lidar and the atmosphere. Laser and gas molecules interaction