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高汇聚同轴送粉喷嘴是激光快速制造的核心装置之一 ,同轴送粉喷嘴最基本的功能应该包括通光与粉末的均匀汇聚 ,粉末汇聚程度越高 ,则粉末利用率越高、制造精度越高。本文通过优化喷嘴结构设计 ,使喷嘴的汇聚率大大提高 ,所得到的熔覆道宽度可达到 1mm以内 ,通过加入导向气流 ,进一步提高了粉末的汇聚率 ,同时又对熔池进行保护 ,为提高激光直接制造的精度提供了可能性 ;喷嘴核心结构均通水冷却 ,使喷嘴在工作过程中始终保持较低温度 ,延长了使用寿命又保持了熔覆过程的稳定性 ;喷嘴上加装了温度传感器 ,随时监测喷嘴温度 ,一旦温度超过设定值 ,便给出报警信号 ;根据熔覆过程中对熔覆道宽窄要求的不同 ,喷嘴结构上设计了调节光斑大小的功能 ;为了确保激光束能从喷嘴的正中出来 ,使光束与粉末流完全同轴 ,喷嘴结构上设计了调节机构。利用此喷嘴进行激光熔覆 ,获得了较为满意的效果。
High converging coaxial powder feeding nozzle is one of the core devices for rapid laser manufacturing. The most basic function of coaxial powder feeding nozzle should include the uniform convergence of light and powder, the higher the degree of powder aggregation, the higher the powder utilization rate The higher the accuracy. In this paper, by optimizing the nozzle structure design, the nozzle aggregation rate is greatly improved, the resulting width of the cladding road can be achieved within 1mm, by adding the guide airflow, to further improve the powder aggregation rate, while the protection of the molten pool, to improve Laser direct manufacturing accuracy provides the possibility of nozzle core structure are water-cooled, so that the nozzle in the work process has always been to maintain a low temperature, extending the service life and maintain the stability of the cladding process; the nozzle is equipped with a temperature Sensor to monitor the nozzle temperature at any time. Once the temperature exceeds the set value, the alarm signal is given. According to the requirements for the cladding width in the cladding process, the nozzle structure is designed to adjust the spot size. In order to ensure the laser beam energy Out of the center of the nozzle, the beam is completely coaxial with the powder flow, and the adjustment mechanism is designed on the nozzle structure. The use of this nozzle laser cladding, obtained a more satisfactory results.