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本文深入阐释了H.奥菲克经济演化思想中有关人类早期的交换和分工。大致在距今500万年前,生物演化在所有纯粹生理学和物质意义上的改进已经耗尽,生物演化达到它所能提升的尽头。然而演化现象没有终止,上新世以来,以人的崛起为主要特征主导了演化进程。人类的意识、精神和心理性状涌现出来了,随之而来的是累积性的生存经验交流和整个文化演化。奥菲克认为在这一根本性演化进程的转折过程中,交换及受其诱导出来的分工扮演了关键性角色,而“火”则充当了最早的贸易品。
This paper gives an in-depth explanation of the exchange and division of labor in the evolution of H. Aubick’s early economic evolution. Almost 5 million years ago, the evolution of biological evolution in all its purely physiological and material significance has been exhausted and its evolution has reached the end of its ascension. However, the evolution has not stopped. Since the Pliocene, the rise of people has dominated the evolutionary process. Human consciousness, mental and psychological traits have emerged, followed by a cumulative exchange of experiential experiences and the entire cultural evolution. Orpick argues that during this turning point in the process of fundamental evolution, the division of labor and the role played out by the exchange played a crucial role, and Fire was the earliest trade.