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目的探索社会网络干预对预防控制饭店女性流动人群性病艾滋病的可行性和有效性。方法选取合肥市12家饭店和蚌埠市14家饭店,以在饭店打工、农村户口、未婚女性为研究对象,从其中招募48名健康宣传员,将研究对象按与其关系密切程度分成4组,每组6～8人。先对健康宣传员实施干预,再由健康宣传员对其干预组成员进行宣传。比较干预前、后研究对象艾滋病相关知识和行为变化以评估干预效果。结果干预前艾滋病相关知识和安全套使用自我效能平均分分别为:13.87±6.27、11.61±4.19,干预后均增加到23.38±4.97、12.87±4.25;干预前最近两个月、最近1次和最近3次性行为时每次都使用安全套者所占比例分别为:26.9%、46.9%、27.0%,干预后分别为53.7%、63.4%、41.4%;艾滋病咨询机构知晓率和检测机构知晓率在干预前分别为85.4%和64.8%,在干预后分别为98.4%和92.8%;艾滋病咨询报告率和检测报告率在干预前分别为4.1%和6.8%,均低于干预后(19.4%、28.5%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=37.851,P<0.01;χ2=54.481,P<0.01)。结论社会网络干预可有效提高饭店女性流动人群性病艾滋病知识、安全套使用率和规范卫生服务知晓率及利用率,是该人群性病艾滋病预防控制的有效方法。
Objective To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of social network intervention in the prevention and control of STD and AIDS among female migrants in hotel restaurants. Methods 12 hotels in Hefei and 14 restaurants in Bengbu were selected to study in the hotel, rural residence and unmarried women. 48 health promoters were recruited from them, and the subjects were divided into 4 groups according to their close relationship Group 6 to 8 people. Health advocates are intervened first, and health promoters then publicize their intervention team members. Before and after the intervention, AIDS-related knowledge and behavioral changes were studied to evaluate the effect of intervention. Results The average self-efficacy of AIDS-related knowledge and condom use before intervention was 13.87 ± 6.27 and 11.61 ± 4.19 respectively, both of which were increased to 23.38 ± 4.97 and 12.87 ± 4.25 after intervention; the last two months, the last one and the last three before intervention The proportion of condom users who used each time was 26.9%, 46.9% and 27.0%, respectively, 53.7%, 63.4% and 41.4% respectively after intervention; the awareness rate of AIDS counseling agencies and the awareness rate of testing institutions were significantly different between interventions 85.4% and 64.8% respectively before intervention and 98.4% and 92.8% respectively after intervention; AIDS counseling and reporting rate were 4.1% and 6.8% respectively before intervention, which were all lower than those after intervention (19.4% and 28.5% ), The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 37.851, P <0.01; χ2 = 54.481, P <0.01). Conclusion Social network intervention can effectively improve HIV / AIDS, condom use, and health service awareness and utilization of female migrants in hotels, which is an effective way to prevent and control STD / AIDS in this population.