Tibetan heritage buildings have a high historical and cultural value. They have endured adverse environmental loadings over hundreds of years without significant damage. However, there are few reports on their structural characteristics under normal environmental loadings and their behavior under dynamic loadings. In this research, a typical Tibetan wooden wall-frame building is selected to study its dynamic characteristics. Field measurements of the structure were conducted under environmental excitation to collect acceleration responses. The stochastic subspace identification(SSI) method was adopted to calculate the structural modal parameters and obtain the out-of-plane vibration characteristics of the slab and frames. The results indicated that the wall-frame structure had a lower out-of-plane stiffness and greater in-plane stiffness due to the presence of stone walls. Due to poor identified damping ratio estimates from the SSI method, a method based on the variance upper bound was proposed to complement the existing variance lower bound method for estimating the modal damping ratio to address the significant damping variability obtained from different points and measurements. The feasibility of the proposed method was illustrated with the measured data from the fl oor slab of the structure. The variance lower and upper bound methods both provided consistent results compared to those from the traditional SSI method. Fancy, there are nourished negative environmental loadings over hundreds of years without significant damage. However, there are few reports on their environmental characteristics loading under and their behavior under dynamic loadings. The stochastic subspace identification (SSI) method was adopted to calculate the structural modal parameters and acquired the simulated Tibetan wooden wall-frame building is selected to study its dynamic characteristics. Out-of-plane vibration characteristics of the slab and frames. The results indicated that the wall-frame structure had a lower out-of-plane stiffness and greater in-plane stiffness due to the presence of stone walls. Ratio estimates from the SSI method, a method based on the interpret upper bound was The proposed to complement the existing levitation lower bound method for estimating the modal damping ratio to address the significant damping variability obtained from different points and measurements. The feasibility of the proposed method was illustrated with the measured data from the fl oor slab of the structure. The Interaction lower and upper bound methods both provided consistent results compared to those from the traditional SSI method.