避暑山庄是康熙帝亲自“择址相地”而建的塞外最大行宫，是清朝皇帝避暑消夏和从事各种政治活动的重要场所，它的兴建和衰落，从不同角度揭示了清王朝由盛渐衰的史实，同时也反映了清朝末年咸丰投降卖国、慈移篡权等重大历史事件。这些重大历史事件与避暑山庄有着不可割断的必 The Summer Palace is the largest imperial palace outside the Great Wall outside the Great Wall which was built by Emperor Kangxi himself. It is an important place for the Qing emperor to summertime and engage in various political activities. The construction and decline of the Qing dynasty’s mountain villas reveal the flourishing development of the Qing dynasty from different angles At the same time, it also reflects the major historical events such as the surrender of Xianfeng by the late Qing Dynasty and the removal of the usurped powers. These major historical events and Mountain Villa have an indispensable will