骨髓异常增生综合征(myelodysplasticsyndrome,MDS)是指造血组织中,红系、粒系或巨核系的分化和成熟功能紊乱,使造血细胞出现不同程度的质和量的改变,可能为干细胞功能异常所致的一组综合征,而非独立性疾病。目前对其分类、命名、机理及转归等尚存在颇多争议。自1976年应用 FAB 分类法以来,已将 MDS 列入白血病分类中的一种特殊类型,当时主要描述两组疾病,即伴原始细胞 Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) refers to hematopoietic tissue, erythroid, myeloid or megakaryocytic differentiation and maturation dysfunction, so that hematopoietic cells in varying degrees of quality and quantity changes may be stem cell dysfunction Cause a group of syndromes, rather than independent disease. At present, there is still a lot of controversy about its classification, naming, mechanism and outcome. Since the FAB classification was applied in 1976, MDS has been classified as a special type of leukemia classifying two groups of diseases, namely primary cells