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本文通过对３００例肿瘤患者痰培养及药敏的实验结果进行分析，说明在肿瘤患者中呼吸道感染不仅见于革兰氏阳性菌，而且还常见于革兰氏阴性菌及真菌。其中革兰氏阳性菌主要是金黄色葡萄球菌（３８株），肠球菌（３７株），化脓性链球菌（９株），革兰氏阴性菌主要是肺炎克雷伯氏菌（３９株），铜绿假单胞菌（２７株）等，从药敏实验结果观察到革兰氏阳性菌对万古霉素较敏感，而对其它抗生素均有不同程度的耐药性，革兰氏阴性菌对另四代头孢菌素，头孢哌酮，头孢噻腭及对氧哌嗪青霉素的耐药率低于２０％。
This article analyzes the results of sputum culture and drug susceptibility testing of 300 patients with tumors, indicating that respiratory infections are not only seen in Gram-positive bacteria, but also in gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Gram-positive bacteria were mainly Staphylococcus aureus (38 strains), Enterococcus (37 strains), Streptococcus pyogenes (9 strains), and Gram-negative bacteria were mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae (39 strains). Pseudomonas aeruginosa (27 strains), etc., Observed from the results of drug susceptibility test Gram-positive bacteria are more sensitive to vancomycin, but have different degrees of resistance to other antibiotics, Gram-negative bacteria The resistance rates of the other four generations of cephalosporins, cefoperazone, cefotaxime and penicillin were lower than 20%.