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随着聚合物材料化学的飞速发展,设计并实现具有力学响应的聚合物材料变得十分重要。其中,力敏基团的设计合成是力响应材料设计的重点。根据在力的诱导下所发生变化的力敏基团种类的不同,本文主要从共价键和非共价相互作用的变化两个方面进行综述。对共价键变化的讨论将主要集中在作用于力敏基团的力源上,即超声、拉力、压力等;对非共价相互作用的变化将对不同的作用分别进行介绍,包括氢键、π-π相互作用等。通过对力化学机理的深入研究和更多力敏基团的设计,科研工作者期待开发更多元、更实际、多功能的材料,相信力化学的发展会带给聚合物材料新的生命。
With the rapid development of polymer materials chemistry, it has become very important to design and realize polymer materials with mechanical response. Among them, the design and synthesis of force-sensitive groups is the key point of response design. According to the different types of force-sensitive groups under the force-induced changes, this article reviews the changes of covalent bonds and non-covalent interactions. Discussion of changes in covalent bonds will mainly focus on the source of force acting on the force-sensitive groups, ie, ultrasound, tension, pressure, etc. Changes to non-covalent interactions will introduce different roles, including hydrogen bonding , Π-π interaction and so on. Through in-depth study on mechanochemistry of force and design of more force-sensitive groups, researchers expect to develop more diverse, practical and versatile materials, and believe that the development of chemical chemistry will bring new life to polymer materials.