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浙江省是乙型肝炎高流行区,据1979年全国病毒性肝炎流行病学调查,我省自然人群HBsAg携带率11.16％,幼儿时期HBsAg携带率达高峰。以后有资料报道[1],母婴传播在HBsAg,eAg阳性母亲的新生儿高达82.9％以上,HBsAg单阳性的母婴传播率也达26.9％。由于幼儿时期感染乙肝病毒往往成为慢性携带状态,最终发展为慢性肝炎、肝硬化,直至肝癌。因此,乙肝病毒感染已成为一个严重的公共卫生问题,而防治肝炎的根本在于新生儿接种乙肝疫苗,尽可能使婴儿早期获得主动免疫,以抗御乙肝病毒的感染。使用乙肝疫苗阻断母婴传播及给新生儿免疫,国内已有报道。本次试点以现场大规模使用全体新生儿(除禁忌症),观察不同剂量乙肝疫苗的免疫阻断及免疫应答情况。
Zhejiang Province is a high endemic area of hepatitis B. According to the epidemiological survey of viral hepatitis in 1979, the carrying rate of HBsAg in the natural population of our province is 11.16%, and the carrying rate of HBsAg reaches the peak in early childhood. Subsequent data [1], mother-to-child transmission of HBsAg, eAg-positive mothers of up to 82.9% of newborns, HBsAg single positive mother-to-child transmission rate reached 26.9%. As early childhood infection with hepatitis B virus often become chronic carrying status, the final development of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, until liver cancer. Therefore, the hepatitis B virus infection has become a serious public health problem, and the fundamental prevention and treatment of hepatitis is the newborn hepatitis B vaccine, as far as possible so that infants active immunization early to combat hepatitis B virus infection. The use of hepatitis B vaccine to block mother-to-child transmission and immunization of newborns, has been reported in China. The pilot to the site of large-scale use of all newborns (except contraindications), observe the different doses of hepatitis B vaccine immunosuppression and immune response.