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目的:研究妇科门诊无痛人工流产患者的心理特征并分析危险因素及防治措施。方法:选取2009年11月~2012年11月实施无痛人工流产的320例患者为无痛组和实施传统人工流产的258例患者为常规组,全部患者在术前统一填写调查问卷﹑SCL症状自测表和社会支持评定量表,整理收集所得资料并进行多元逐步回归线性分析。结果:无痛组SCL总分﹑焦虑因子得分﹑抑郁因子得分和强迫因子得分低于常规组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);无痛组恐惧因子得分显著低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);无痛组躯体因子得分﹑抑郁因子得分﹑焦虑因子得分和SCL总分均显著高于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);运用多元逐步回归线性方程分析无痛组患者SCL和相关因素之间的关系,结果提示社会支持、生育情况及婚姻状况是影响无痛组患者的主要因素。结论:实施无痛人工流产的患者可出现焦虑以及抑郁等心理问题,同未婚未育以及缺乏社会支持密切相关。应对女性普及有针对性的生殖健康知识,采取有效的避孕措施,从而减少出现非意愿妊娠的几率,切实保护育龄期妇女的身心健康。
Objective: To study the psychological characteristics of patients with painless abortion in gynecology clinic and to analyze the risk factors and prevention measures. Methods: Two hundred and eighty-eight patients with painless abortion and traditional abortion were enrolled in the routine group from November 2009 to November 2012. All patients were asked to fill in questionnaire, SCL symptom Self-test form and social support rating scale, collected the data collected and conducted multiple regression stepwise linear analysis. Results: Score of SCL score, anxiety factor, depression factor and forcing factor in painless group were lower than those in conventional group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The score of fear factor in painless group was significantly lower than that in routine group (P <0.05). The scores of somatic factor, depression factor, anxiety factor and SCL in painless group were significantly higher than those in domestic norms, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05) .Using multivariate stepwise Regression to linear equation analysis of painless patients SCL and related factors, the results suggest that social support, childbirth and marital status are the main factors affecting the painless group of patients. Conclusion: Psychological problems such as anxiety and depression may occur in patients who have painless induced abortion, which are closely related to their unmarried children and lack of social support. Women’s reproductive health knowledge should be popularized and effective contraception measures should be taken to reduce the chances of unwanted pregnancies and effectively protect the physical and psychological health of women of childbearing age.