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目的了解不同职业人群的吸烟行为、对吸烟相关知识的认知和对公共场所禁烟的态度。方法于2007年在江苏省南通市和张家港市医疗机构、学校、政府机关、公共交通场所、餐馆和网吧6类公共场所采取方便抽样的方法对516名相关工作人员进行调查,内容包括现在吸烟和被动吸烟暴露情况以及对吸烟相关知识认知和对公共场所禁烟的态度,并对吸烟相关知识和态度进行评分。结果男性现在吸烟率为51.2%,高于女性(0.3%),差别有统计学意义(P<0.001),而女性被动吸烟暴露率(56.9%)与男性(65.7%)相比,差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同人群对吸烟或被动吸烟有害的正确认知率较高(均高于90%),但对被动吸烟具体危害的认知相对较低(均低于90%)。对各类场所全部或部分禁烟的支持率均较高,最低为网吧(83.7%),最高为学校(100.0%),但对与自身相关场所全面禁烟的支持率均低于其他职业人群。对男性职业、认知和态度与吸烟行为的非条件Logistic回归分析表明,服务行业人员吸烟危险高于其他职业人群(OR=3.40,95%CI:2.10～5.50),对吸烟相关知识和公共场所禁烟态度的评分越高,越可减少吸烟行为。结论服务行业人员的吸烟行为高于非服务行业人员,而对吸烟相关知识的正确认知和对禁烟的支持率却较低。应大力加强吸烟和被动吸烟危害的宣传,以改变不同职业人群对控烟的态度。
Objectives To understand the smoking behavior of different occupational groups, the cognition of smoking-related knowledge and the attitude of no smoking in public places. Methods A total of 516 staff members were surveyed in 2007 in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province and Zhangjiagang Medical Institutions, schools, government agencies, public transport, restaurants and Internet cafes by means of convenient sampling. The survey included the current smoking and Passive smoking exposure as well as awareness of smoking-related knowledge and attitude to smoking ban in public places, and smoking-related knowledge and attitude were scored. Results The prevalence of smoking among men was 51.2%, higher than that of women (0.3%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). There was no significant difference in the rate of female passive smoking (56.9%) compared with male (65.7%) Significance (P> 0.05). The correct cognition rates of different groups of people who are harmful to smoking or passive smoking are higher (all higher than 90%), but the cognition to the specific hazards of passive smoking is relatively low (both lower than 90%). The support rate for all or part of the banned smoking in various places was high, with the lowest rate being Internet cafes (83.7%) and the highest rate being schools (100.0%), but the support rate for smoking ban was lower than other occupational groups. Non-conditional Logistic regression analysis of occupational, cognitive and attitudinal attitudes toward smoking showed that smoking risk among service workers was higher than that of other occupational groups (OR = 3.40, 95% CI: 2.10-5.50), smoking-related knowledge and public places The higher the score of a non-smoking attitude, the less smoking can be reduced. Conclusions Smoking behavior of service workers is higher than that of non-service workers, but the correct cognition of smoking-related knowledge and support for no smoking are lower. Publicity on the dangers of smoking and passive smoking should be greatly strengthened to change the attitude of different occupational groups towards tobacco control.