许:古希腊人说:认识你自己。中国知识分子对历史和未来的审视是与对自己的不断反省联系在一起的。近十年来,大陆知识分子前后发生了两次自我的反思。第一次是八十年代中期,刚刚从社会的边缘重返中心的知识分子们在一场“文化热”中企图通过对传统文化的批判,与过去的形象决裂,重新担当起匡时济世、救国救心的使命。第二次是九十年代初,经过一场剧烈的政治动荡,中国开始了急速的社会世俗化过程,知识分子好不容易刚刚确立的生存重心和理想信念被俗世无情地颠覆、嘲弄。他们所赖以自我确认的那些神圣使命、悲壮意识、终极理想顷刻 Xu: Ancient Greeks said: know yourself. Chinese intellectuals’ examination of history and the future is linked to their constant reflection. In the past decade or so, there have been two self-introspection about mainland intellectuals before and after. The first was in the mid-1980s when the intellectuals who just returned to the center from the margins of society attempted to break away from the past by criticizing the traditional culture during a “cultural fever” Save the country to save the mission. The second is in the early nineties. After a violent political turmoil, China started a process of rapid social secularization. The living center of gravity and ideals and convictions that the intellectuals finally established were finally being subverted and ridiculed by the earthly ruthlessness. The sacred mission, tragic consciousness, ultimate ideal that they depend on for their self-determination