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浙北乎原,地势低平,河流纵横,盛产鱼虾,享有鱼米之乡的美称。随着农村经济结构的调整,部分低洼田,圩外田退耕还塘,池塘养鱼得到进一步发展,出现了一批亩产吨鱼塘。然而,严重的鱼嚎时有发生,往往造成大批鱼类死亡,影响了水产养殖的效益,这是池塘养鱼稳产高产的一大障碍。 从1982年起我们在嘉善县干窑乡渔民村三号塘进行了3年“鱼嚎与气象”的试验。试验表明,塘水中的溶氧主要是出水中浮游植物的光合作用、风的搅动和灌水来提供的;而鱼塘中过剩的饵、肥等有机物的分解,浮游生物和鱼的呼吸都需大量耗氧,当塘水中的氧入不敷出时,鱼就因缺氧而头部浮在水面喘息,若抢救不及时,就会造成大批鱼窒息死亡,这就是严重鱼嚎(下称重嚎)。 塘水中溶氧的生、耗是与气象条件密切相关的。因此探讨重嚎的气象条件,对预测和防止鱼嚎有一定的实用价值。
North of the original Zhejiang, low flat terrain, vertical and horizontal rivers, rich in fish and shrimp, enjoy the reputation of Yumizhixiang. With the adjustment of rural economic structure, part of the low-lying fields and polder fields returned farmland to ponds and pond fish farming further developed. A batch of tons of fish ponds per mu has emerged. However, serious fish howl often occurs, often resulting in a large number of fish deaths, affecting the benefits of aquaculture, which is a big obstacle to the steady and high production of fish ponds. Since 1982, we conducted a three-year “howl and meteorology” experiment at No. 3 Tang Fisherman Village, Qianyao Township, Jiashan County. Experiments show that the dissolved oxygen in pond water is mainly provided by the photosynthesis of phytoplankton in the effluent and agitation by wind and irrigation. However, excessive decomposition of organic matter such as bait and fertilizer in ponds requires large amounts of plankton and fish to breathe Oxygen consumption, when the pond water oxygen make ends meet, the fish due to lack of oxygen and head floating in the water wheezing, if the rescue is not timely, it will cause a large number of fish suffocation death, which is howling (howl). Dissolved oxygen in pond water, consumption and weather conditions are closely related. So to discuss howl weather conditions, to predict and prevent fish Howl have some practical value.