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实验室评价干摩擦轴承的性能通常采用的是单向负荷,而在实际应用中出现的却经常是交变负荷。本实验就交变负荷对轴承性能的主要影响进行了评价。用含聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)的几种衬里对球面轴承进行了摆动试验,并在试验过程中采用了不同的负荷波形。与单向负荷相比,在方波条件下,交变负荷的轴承衬里磨损增加,有的甚至出现了剥层现象。我们对产生剥层的原因进行了讨论。在高温(150℃),低温(-50℃)、高压(344×10~6pa)及轴承被水或其它液压液污染的条件下,方波形交变负荷对轴承性能的损害更为严重。对轴承进行密封似乎能够在某种程度上缓解上述问题。
Laboratory evaluation Dry friction bearings performance is usually used in the one-way load, but in practice often appear alternating load. In this experiment, the main influence of alternating load on bearing performance was evaluated. Spherical bearings were wobbled with several polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) -based linings and different load waveforms were used during the test. Compared with the one-way load, under the condition of square wave, the wear of bearing lining of alternating load increases, and some even appear peel phenomenon. We discussed the reasons for the delamination. Under the conditions of high temperature (150 ℃), low temperature (-50 ℃), high pressure (344 × 10 ~ 6pa) and bearings contaminated by water or other hydraulic fluid, the square wave alternating load will damage the bearing performance more seriously. Sealing bearings seems to be able to alleviate the above problems to some extent.