The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is a program-matic document for future global development.In the past five years,all countries of the world have made great efforts to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).How-ever,the implementation of the agenda faces a number of chal-lenges,including insufficient data,imperfect methods,interlinked and constrained targets,diverse localization issues,and other con-straints on the pace of progress.Unfortunately,under the existing business as usual models,the world seems to be moving away from the goal of “leaving no one behind”.There are still nearly 1 billion people living close to extreme poverty ($1.90 per person/d).More than 820 million people are hungry,but nearly 12 million hectares of agricultural land are not being used for food production every year.Global climate change and environmental degradation are increasing.Approximately 70％ of global greenhouse gas emis-sions are derived from burning fossil fuels in cities,66％ of the ocean area is suffering from the increasingly serious cumulative impacts of human activity,and more than 85％ of wetlands have disappeared [1].