论文部分内容阅读
目的分析2013年“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”(以下简称“学生营养改善计划”)地区营养改善措施,为更好地推广农村学生营养改善工作提供依据。方法 699个实施“学生营养改善计划”的国家试点县均为常规监测县,从中分片抽取50个县(每个试点省1~3个县)作为重点监测县;按照分层随机抽样的原则,每个县分别从学校食堂供餐、企业(单位)供餐和混合供餐等3种供餐模式抽取20%~30%的小学和初中作为监测学校。采用“县基本情况调查表”和“学校调查表”收集县和学校的基本信息、补助金额、经费使用方式以及执行“营养改善计划”过程中存的困难等。结果2013年“学生营养改善计划”供餐模式以学校食堂供餐(45.1%)和企业供餐(48.8%)为主,学校食堂供餐多采用“免费提供一顿饭”的方式(68.5%),企业供餐多采用“课间加餐”(99.9%)的方式。食品安全(70.6%)和学校食堂建设(68.5%)是“学生营养改善计划”实施的过程中各监测县面临的主要问题。除“学生营养改善计划”外,有12.1%的监测学校开展了地方营养改善,主要形式为“营养知识的宣传教育”(87.7%)。结论 “学生营养改善计划”主要为“免费供餐”或“课间加餐”;试点县面临存在食品安全、食堂建设等问题,应进一步加强对试点县科学合理供餐指导。
Objective To analyze the nutrition improvement measures in the areas such as “2013 Rural Compulsory Education Student Nutrition Improvement Plan” (hereinafter referred to as “Student Nutrition Improvement Plan”), and provide the basis for better promotion of rural students’ nutrition improvement. Methods A total of 699 national pilot counties implementing “Student Nutrition Improvement Plan” were routinely monitored counties. 50 counties (1 ~ 3 counties in each pilot province) were selected as the key counties. According to stratified random sampling , Each county takes 20% ~ 30% of elementary and junior high schools as monitoring schools from three kinds of feeding modes, including school canteen feeding, business (unit) feeding and mixed feeding. The basic situation of the county and the school questionnaire are used to collect the basic information of the county and the school, the subsidy amount, the way of using the funds and the difficulties in implementing the nutrition improvement plan. Results In 2013, the “Student Nutrition Improvement Program” mode of feeding mainly provided school canteens (45.1%) and business catering (48.8%), and the school canteen served more with “free meal”. Way (68.5%), corporate dining more (99.9%) way. Food safety (70.6%) and school canteen construction (68.5%) are the major problems faced by the counties in the implementation of the Student Nutrition Improvement Program. In addition to the Student Nutrition Improvement Program, 12.1% of monitoring schools conducted local nutrition improvement mainly in the form of “publicity and education on nutritional knowledge” (87.7%). Conclusions “The student nutrition improvement plan ” mainly “Free meals ” or “class meal ”; pilot counties facing the existence of food safety, canteen construction and other issues, should further strengthen the scientific and reasonable pilot counties guide.