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[目的]了解青少年先天性心脏病(以下简称先心病)流行病学特点,为先心病患者提供早期诊断及治疗机会。[方法]对5700名青少年按初检、复检、确诊三段式方法进行调查,并用SPSS11.5统计软件包对先心病的发病情况进行卡方检验。[结果]检出先心病23例,其中,手术后9例,未治疗14例,前者以室间隔缺损最多见,后者以房间隔缺损最多见。青少年心脏病患病率为0.404%,男性患病率为0.394%,女性患病率为0.412%,两者差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.01,P﹥0.05)。汉族患病率为0.367%,蒙古族患病率为0.476%,两者差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.38,P﹥0.05)。[结论]性别、民族间青少年先心病患病率无明显差异,重视青少年先天性心脏病的防治十分重要。
[Objective] To understand the epidemiological characteristics of adolescent congenital heart disease (CHD) for early diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart disease. [Methods] 5700 adolescents were investigated according to the three-stage method of primary examination, re-examination and diagnosis, and the incidence of congenital heart disease was analyzed by chi-square test with SPSS11.5 statistical package. [Results] Twenty-three cases of congenital heart disease were detected, of which 9 cases were treated by surgery and 14 cases were untreated. The former was the most common type of ventricular septal defect and the latter was the most common type of septal defect. The prevalence of heart disease was 0.404% in adolescents, 0.394% in males and 0.412% in females. There was no significant difference between them (χ2 = 0.01, P> 0.05). Han prevalence was 0.367%, Mongolian prevalence was 0.476%, the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.38, P> 0.05). [Conclusion] There is no significant difference in the prevalence of congenital heart disease between adolescents and young people. It is very important to pay attention to the prevention and treatment of adolescent congenital heart disease.