A.A.卡扎柯夫《连续炼钢过程》一书(莫斯科出版社1977年出版)是在这样的背景下写出的: 管道化、连续化、大型化、自动化已成为当代工业发展的总趋势。一百多年来,炼钢工艺虽然经历了多次重大革新,却仍未摆脱一炉一炉间断冶炼的老传统。与其它先进工业部相比,因设备笨重、生产率低、劳动条件差等缺点,钢铁工业迄今还处于较落后的状态。因此,世界各 A.A. Kazakov “continuous steelmaking process” (Moscow press 1977) is written under the background: pipeline, continuous, large-scale, automation has become the general trend of contemporary industrial development. For over a hundred years, although the steelmaking process has undergone many major reforms, it has not yet got rid of the old tradition of intermittent smelting. Compared with other advanced industries, the steel industry is still in a relatively backward state due to the heavy equipment, low productivity and poor working conditions. So the world is different