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问:目前正是广大稻农引入、购买水稻优良品种(系)的关键时节,广大稻农都盼望能引入或购进优良的品种(系),从而实现高产、稳产、优质、增产增收的愿望。但从历年的水稻生产上看,或多或少都发生过稻农引(购)种事与愿违,造成减产、甚至严重减产的情况,如熟期过早或过晚造成的减产(翻秆或贪青晚熟),严重倒伏造成的减产、稻瘟病、稻曲病等造成的减产,种子纯度差、芽势或芽率不佳造成的减收,稻米品质差(垩白大、食味不佳)造成的减收(只能低价出售)等。造成这些引(购)种失败的原因是什么?
Q: At present, it is the key period for rice farmers and farmers to purchase and purchase excellent varieties of rice (rice). The majority of rice farmers are looking forward to introducing or purchasing good varieties (lines), so as to realize the desire of high yield, stable yield, high quality and yield increase . However, from the perspective of rice production in the past years, there has been more or less the occurrence of rice farmers’ (grassroots) acquisitions which lead to a decrease in production or even a serious reduction in output such as the reduction of production caused by too early or too late maturity Greening and late maturing), the decrease of output due to severe lodging, rice blast, rice false smut, etc., the decrease of seed purity, the decrease of budding or budding rate, the poor quality of rice (chalky rice, poor taste) Reduction (only low-cost sale) and so on. What causes these failures?