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80年代以来,一系列震动全球的危机与风波接踵而来。第一次危机和风波似乎都与诞生仅二十余年的衍生金融工具有关,如1987年10月的全球性股灾、1994年12月美国加州奥兰治县破产事件、1995年2月23日我国上海证交所的“327国债期货风波”和2月27日英国巴林银行因经营日经225股指期货巨额亏损破产事件,等等。衍生工具的飞速发展和风波不断,提出了许多现行金融理论和会计理论难以解决的问题。本文试就衍生金融工具的特点及其会计确认与计量问题作初步探讨,其中不成熟之处,还请专家指正。一、衍生金融工具的特点衍生金融工具(Financial DerivativeInstruments)以基本金融工具的存在为前提并以基本金融工具为买卖对象,其定义目前尚无一致看法。美国财务会计准则公告第119号“衍生金融工具和金融工具价
Since the 1980s, a series of crises and turmoil shocking the world have come one after another. The first crises and turmoil seemed to be related to derivatives of financial instruments that had only existed for more than two decades, such as the global stock market crash in October 1987, the bankruptcy in Orange County, California in December 1994, and February 23, 1995 China’s Shanghai Stock Exchange’s ”327 Treasury Futures Crisis,“ and Feb. 27, the Bank of Bahrain for trading in Nikkei 225 stock index futures huge losses in bankruptcy, and so on. The rapid development and turmoil of derivatives have raised many problems that are difficult to be solved by current financial theories and accounting theories. This article tries to analyze the characteristics of derivative financial instruments and their accounting verification and measurement issues for preliminary discussion, of which immaturity, but also ask experts to correct. First, the characteristics of derivative financial instruments Derivative financial instruments (Financial DerivativeInstruments) as the premise of the existence of basic financial instruments and basic financial instruments for the sale of the object, the definition is currently no consensus. US Financial Accounting Standards Notice No. 119 ”Derivative financial instruments and financial instruments prices."