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在四氢呋喃、环己酮等溶液中实现了聚氯乙烯(PVC)与聚苯乙烯(PS)的Friedel-Crafts接枝反应,考察了加热方式、反应温度、催化剂种类、催化剂用量对接枝反应的影响,通过FTIR表征了PVC-g-PS接枝物的结构,探讨了反应的机理和特点.研究发现,油浴加热和微波辐照都能使PVC和PS发生接枝反应,但微波辐照效果更好,油浴加热,接枝率仅0.27%,而微波辐照接枝率高达23%;油浴加热时产物少且多为间位,微波辐照时产物多且多为对位和邻位.无水AlCl3、无水FeCl3、无水SnCl4皆对PVC与PS之间的Friedel-Crafts反应具有催化活性,其中无水AlCl3的催化活性最高,其最佳用量为质量分数3%,此时,接枝率达到29%.当无水AlCl3过高时,PVC降解,产生双键,接枝率下降.表明微波辐照是实现PVC与PS之间Friedel-Crafts接枝反应的有效途径.
The Friedel-Crafts grafting reaction between polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polystyrene (PS) was achieved in tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone and other solutions. The effects of heating method, reaction temperature, catalyst type and amount of catalyst on grafting reaction , The structure of the PVC-g-PS graft copolymer was characterized by FTIR and the mechanism and characteristics of the reaction were discussed. It was found that both PVC and PS could be grafted by both oil bath heating and microwave irradiation. However, The effect is better, oil bath heating, the grafting rate of only 0.27%, while the microwave irradiation grafting rate as high as 23%; oil bath heating less and more for the meta-product, the product of microwave irradiation and more for the most and Ortho-position. Anhydrous AlCl3, anhydrous FeCl3 and anhydrous SnCl4 all have catalytic activity on Friedel-Crafts reaction between PVC and PS. Among them, anhydrous AlCl3 has the highest catalytic activity, and its optimum dosage is 3% , The grafting rate reached 29% .When the anhydrous AlCl3 was too high, PVC degraded, resulting in double bonds and decreased grafting rate, indicating that microwave irradiation is an effective way to achieve Friedel-Crafts grafting reaction between PVC and PS.