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目的了解深圳市流感样病例暴发疫情特征,为科学防控流感提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析深圳市2005～2008年流感样病例暴发疫情资料。结果深圳市2005～2008年累计报告流感样病例暴发疫情282起,累计发病人数3963例,平均罹患率为1.9%。全市六区均有流感样病例暴发疫情报告,234起(83.0%)发生于3~6月;245起(86.9%)发生于中、小学生人群;207起(73.4%)的疫情发病人数规模在15例以下。流感样病例暴发疫情主要由甲乙型流感病毒(80.5%,227/282)引起,其中90起(31.9%)甲型流感阳性、134起(47.5%)乙型流感阳性、3起甲乙型流感混合阳性(1.1%)。所有甲乙型流感PCR检测的阳性标本均立即接种MDCK细胞或鸡胚进行病毒分离培养,共分离流感病毒188株,溯源于71起疫情(71/227,31.3%),其中15起为H1N1亚型、17起为H3N2亚型、39起为乙型流感病毒。3月份以乙型流感暴发为主,占72.7%,4月份甲乙型流感逐步更替,5～6月份则以甲型流感为主,占51.9%。结论深圳市流感样病例暴发疫情主要由甲乙型流感病毒引起,主要发生于3～6月,中、小学校是全市流感暴发疫情防控工作的关键所在。
Objective To understand the outbreak characteristics of influenza-like cases in Shenzhen and provide reference for scientific prevention and control of influenza. Methods The epidemic situation of influenza-like cases in Shenzhen from 2005 to 2008 was retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 282 outbreaks of influenza-like illness were reported in Shenzhen City from 2005 to 2008, with a cumulative incidence of 3963 cases and an average attack rate of 1.9%. Outbreaks of influenza-like outbreaks were reported in all six districts of the city, with 234 (83.0%) occurring in March to June, 245 (86.9%) in primary and secondary school students, and 207 (73.4% 15 cases following. Outbreaks of influenza-like illness were mainly caused by Influenza A and B viruses (80.5% and 227/282), of which 90 (31.9%) were positive for Influenza A, 134 (47.5%) were positive for Influenza B, 3 were Influenza A Positive (1.1%). All positive samples of influenza A and B were directly inoculated with MDCK cells or chicken embryos for virus isolation and culture. A total of 188 influenza viruses were isolated and traced to 71 outbreaks (71 / 227,31.3%) of which 15 were H1N1 subtypes 17 were H3N2 subtypes and 39 were influenza B virus. In March, the outbreak of influenza B was the mainstay, accounting for 72.7%. Influenza A and B were gradually replaced in April and mainly to influenza A in May and June, accounting for 51.9% of the total. Conclusion The outbreak of influenza-like illness in Shenzhen was mainly caused by Influenza A and B virus, which occurred mainly from March to June. Middle and primary schools were the key to the prevention and control of influenza outbreak in the city.