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本文系采用蔗糖和甘油借以改变溶液的粘度,所测得溶液粘度对扩散电流的影响。根据Ilkovie公式和Stokes—Einstein关系式可得: i_d=K(1/η1/2)即扩散电流与溶液粘度的平方根成反比。实验结果表明,溶液粘度对扩散电流的影响极大。Cd~(++)、Pb~(++)、Zn~(++)、Ni~(++)离子在蔗糖溶液中,当溶液粘度在4.37(相对)以下时,所测得的i_dη1/2之值为接近常数,大于4.37时则i_dη1/2不成常数,这与Mckenzie的结果基本符合。在不同浓度的甘油溶液中(至50％左右),Cd~(++)、Pb~(++)、Ni~(++)离子的i_dη1/2的值均接近常数。因此,同一待测物质,由于改变溶液粘度的物质不相同,对i_dη1/2之值有不同的影响。
In this paper, the use of sucrose and glycerol to change the viscosity of the solution, measured the solution viscosity on the diffusion current. According to Ilkovie’s formula and Stokes-Einstein’s relation, i_d = K (1 / η1 / 2), that is, the diffusion current is inversely proportional to the square root of solution viscosity. The experimental results show that the solution viscosity has a great influence on the diffusion current. Cd ~ ++, Pb ~ ++, Zn ++ and Ni ~ ++ ions in sucrose solution, when the solution viscosity is below 4.37 (relative), the measured i_dη1 / The value of 2 is close to a constant. If it is larger than 4.37, i_dη1 / 2 is not constant, which basically agrees with Mckenzie’s result. The values of i_dη1 / 2 of Cd ~ (++), Pb ~ (++) and Ni ~ (++) ions were close to constant in different concentrations of glycerol solution (up to about 50%). Therefore, the same test substance, due to change the viscosity of the material is not the same, the value of i_dη1 / 2 have different effects.