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目的通过对29万名各类回国人员疾病监测结果评估,了解回国人员的健康水平和传染病感染情况,为制定预防对策提供科学依据,防止传染病的传播流行。方法收集1990—2004年北京检验检疫局疾病监测体检资料及首都机场出入境检验检疫局传染病监测资料进行统计分析。结果 291 023名回国人员疾病监测发现患有各种疾病及病原感染者10 539人,总检出率为3.62%;职业分布主要是劳务人员,检出率为4.32%;年龄组分布在41-50岁之间患病率较高。检出的疾病构成比为:乙肝表面抗原阳性为58.16%;疟疾为37.91%;传染病地区分布以非洲为主,亚洲次之。结论检验检疫机构应加强出国人员出境前的卫生保健知识咨询,对前往不同国家或地区的人员.根据世界疫区分布及传染病流行趋势,提供全方位的咨询服务及预防对策,提高出国人员的自我防护意识,降低出国人员在境外的感染率,保护出国人员的身体健康。
Objective To assess the health status and infectious status of returnees by evaluating the results of the surveillance of 290,000 returnees across the country so as to provide a scientific basis for preventive measures and prevent the spread of infectious diseases. Methods The data of the disease surveillance and medical examination of Beijing Inspection and Quarantine Bureau from 1990 to 2004 and the surveillance data of infectious diseases of Exit Inspection and Quarantine of Capital Airport were collected for statistical analysis. Results A total of 10 539 people with all kinds of diseases and pathogenic infections were found in 291 023 disease surveillance and the total detection rate was 3.62%. The occupational distribution was mainly labor force with a detection rate of 4.32% and the age group was 41- Prevalence among 50 years old is higher. The proportions of diseases detected were: positive for hepatitis B surface antigen was 58.16%; malaria was 37.91%; the distribution of infectious diseases was mainly in Africa, followed by Asia. Conclusion The inspection and quarantine authorities should strengthen consultation on health care knowledge of expatriates before leaving the country and provide guidance to those traveling to different countries or regions in accordance with the distribution of the epidemic and the epidemic trend of infectious diseases in order to provide a full range of counseling services and preventive measures to increase the number of expatriates Self-protection awareness, reduce the rate of infection of overseas personnel abroad, and protect the health of overseas personnel.