用已建立的渣油聚类和识别模型将渣油分为常压渣油、减压渣油和加氢渣油，用紫外－可见光谱－偏最小二乘法（ＵＶ－ＰＬＳ）分别建立了这３种渣油的饱和烃、芳烃、胶质和沥青质四组分测定模型。该方法的测定结果与经典洗脱色谱法（ＥＣ）的结果相吻合。与ＥＣ方法相比，该方法具有快速、操作简单、不需分离、重复性好等特点。 Residual oil was separated into atmospheric residual oil, vacuum residue and hydrogenated residual oil by using the established residue clustering and identification model, which were respectively established by UV-visible spectroscopy-partial least squares (UV-PLS) A model for the determination of four kinds of saturated hydrocarbons, aromatics, gums and asphaltenes from residue oils. The results of this method are in good agreement with the results of classical elution chromatography (EC). Compared with the EC method, the method has the advantages of fastness, simple operation, no separation and good repeatability.