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目的分离鉴定青叶胆Swertia mileensis全草的酮(口山)类成分.方法95%乙醇浸提,经硅胶柱色谱分离纯化,UV,IR,MS,1H和13CNMR波谱方法确定化学结构.结果分得12个(口山)酮成分,分别为1-羟基-2,3,4,5-四甲氧基(口山)酮(1-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetramethoxyxanthone,I);1-羟基-2,3,7-三甲氧基(口山)酮(1-hydroxy-2,3,7-trimethoxyxanthone,Ⅱ);1-羟基-2,3,5,7-四甲氧基(口山)酮(1-hydroxy-2,3,5,7-tetramethoxyxanthone,Ⅲ);1,5-二羟基-2,3-二甲氧基酮(口山)(1,5-dihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyxanthone,Ⅳ);1,5-二羟基-2,3,7-三甲氧基(口山)酮(1,5-dihy-droxy-2,3,7-trimethoxyxanthone,Ⅴ);1-羟基-2,3,5-三甲氧基(口山)酮(1-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone,Ⅵ);1,5-二羟基-2,3,4,7-四甲氧基(口山)酮(1,5-dihydroxy-2,3,4,7-tetramethoxyxanthone,Ⅶ);1,8-二羟基-2,3,6-三甲氧基(口山)酮(1,8-dihydroxy-2,3,6-trimethoxyxanthone,Ⅶ);1-羟基-2,3,4,7-四甲氧基(口山)酮(1-hydroxy-2,3,4,7-te-tramethoxyxanthone,Ⅸ);1,2,3,5-四甲氧基(口山)酮(1,2,3,5-tetromethoxyxanthone,X);1-羟基-2,3,4,6-四甲氧基(口山)酮(1-hydroxyl-2,3,4,6-tetramethoxyxanthone,Ⅺ);1-羟基-2,3,6,8-四甲氧基(口山)酮(1-hydroxyl-2,3,6,8-te-tramethoxyxanthone,XⅡ).结论化合物I,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅶ～Ⅻ为首次从青叶胆中分得.