促性腺激素释放激素类似物(GnRHa)是子宫内膜异位症(EMs)药物治疗的一个重要方面,随着对EMs本身及GnRHa治疗EMs认识的加深,许多学者对GnRHa发挥作用的机制从蛋白、RNA水平以及腹膜腔免疫微环境等方面进行了研究,对传统治疗方法进行改进,特别在防止副作用方面提出反加疗法和反减疗法等。就GnRHa在治疗EMs中的机制和临床应用的新进展进行综述。 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa) are an important aspect of the drug therapy of endometriosis (EMs). With the deepening of understanding of EMs itself and GnRHa-treated EMs, many scholars have studied the mechanism of GnRHa from protein , RNA level and immune microenvironment of peritoneal cavity were studied, and the traditional treatment methods were improved, especially in the anti-addiction therapy and anti-subtraction therapy to prevent side effects. This review summarizes the recent advances in the mechanism and clinical application of GnRHa in the treatment of EMs.