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目的:了解长春市小儿轮状病毒腹泻流行病学特征。方法:在长春市儿童医院收集5岁以下住院腹泻患儿粪便标本和临床资料,对粪便标本采用ELISA方法进行轮状病毒检测,用反转录PCR方法进行G血清型和P基因型分析。结果:长春市2005~2013年小儿腹泻轮状病毒阳性检出率为53.33%(2098/3934),2005~2010年逐年下降,2011年开始上升;轮状病毒性腹泻每年10月到次年2月为感染高发季节;轮状病毒感染以G3型为主(51.83%)是流行优势株,但G3型呈下降趋势,G9型有上升趋势;P血清型以P[8]型为主;发病年龄97.54%集中在0~24月龄婴幼儿,高发年龄段为7~12月龄婴儿,男∶女为1.83∶1;主要临床表现是腹泻、呕吐和发热。结论:轮状病毒是长春市小儿腹泻的主要病原,G分类是G3型,P分类是P[8]型,并且呈现超常多样性。长期监测轮状病毒性腹泻病原变化对于预防病毒性腹泻和疫苗研发有重要意义。
Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric rotavirus diarrhea in Changchun. Methods: Stool specimens and clinical data of children under 5 years of age hospitalized with diarrhea were collected from Children’s Hospital of Changchun. Rotavirus test was performed on stool samples by ELISA and G serotypes and P genotypes were analyzed by reverse transcription PCR. Results: The positive rate of rotavirus in children with diarrhea was 53.33% (2098/3934) from 2005 to 2013 in Changchun City, and decreased from 2005 to 2010 and then increased in 2011. Rotavirus diarrhea increased from October to next year 2 Month was the high incidence of infection; rotavirus infection was predominantly G3 (51.83%), but the G3 type showed a downward trend while the G9 type showed an upward trend. The P serotype was mainly P [8] The age of 97.54% focused on 0-24 months old infants and children, high incidence of 7 to 12 months old infants, male: female 1.83:1; the main clinical manifestations of diarrhea, vomiting and fever. Conclusion: Rotavirus is the main pathogen of pediatric diarrhea in Changchun City. G class is G3 type, P class is P [8] type, and it shows extraordinary diversity. Long-term monitoring of pathogenic changes in rotavirus diarrhea for the prevention of viral diarrhea and vaccine development is important.