论文部分内容阅读
目的了解2011-2014年西安市肾综合征出血热流行特征,分析其发病影响因素,为制定疾病防控的科学决策提供依据。方法分析中国疾病预防控制信息系统中报告的2011-2014年西安市肾综合征出血热病例信息,结合人口学数据信息,探讨西安市出血热流行规律和影响因素。结果 2011-2014年间西安市累计报告肾综合征出血热病例3 524例,死亡31例,周至县、户县、长安区和临潼区等老疫区发病较高,新城区、碑林区和莲湖区等主城区发病率较低。全年发病呈现两个典型高峰,以每年10月~次年1月的发病大高峰为主,占总病例数的73.69%。发病以16~60岁人群为主,占总病例数的74.89%,但16岁以下和60岁以上人群非免疫规划内人群发病数超过25.00%。职业以农民为主,占68.81%。结论 2011-2014年西安市肾综合征出血热发病呈现逐年下降趋势,这与西安地区肾综合征出血热流行规律有关,也与目前实施的以疫苗为主的综合防控策略有关。下一步需要解决的是16岁以下和60岁以上人群的疫苗接种问题,以切实保障这一群体的健康。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Xi’an from 2011 to 2014 and analyze the influencing factors of the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Xi’an so as to provide the basis for making scientific decisions on disease prevention and control. Methods The case information of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome from 2011 to 2014 reported in China’s disease prevention and control information system was analyzed. The prevalence and influencing factors of hemorrhagic fever in Xi’an were analyzed with demographic data. Results In 2011-2014, a total of 3 524 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome were reported in Xi’an, 31 cases of death were found. The incidence rates of the epidemic areas such as Zhouzhi County, Huxian County, Chang’an District and Lintong District were high. In Xincheng District, Beilin District and Lianhu District, The main urban areas such as lower incidence. The annual incidence of two typical peaks, with annual incidence of major peaks in October to January next year, accounting for 73.69% of the total number of cases. The incidence was mainly between 16 and 60 years of age, accounting for 74.89% of the total number of cases, but the number of people in the non-immunization program under the age of 16 and over 60 exceeded 25.00%. Occupation mainly farmers, accounting for 68.81%. Conclusion The incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Xi’an from 2011 to 2014 shows a declining trend year by year, which is related to the epidemic law of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Xi’an and also to the current integrated vaccine control strategy. The next step to be addressed is vaccination for people under 16 and people over the age of 60 in order to effectively protect the health of this group.