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基于辽河源2012年7月分辨率为10 m的遥感影像图及1∶5万的地形图、森林资源二类清查数据和GPS地面真实采集点,在地理信息系统软件ArcGIS、ENVI和景观指数分析软件Fragstats支持下,利用主成分分析方法降维选取对破碎化贡献最大的斑块形态指标,分析了冀北辽河源森林景观格局特征和破碎化程度。结果表明,各景观组分中阔叶林、油松面积最大,是辽河源地带性植被,分布集中,破碎化较小;华北落叶松、疏林地、居民地、道路和未成林地面积小,呈零散分布,破碎化程度较高,人为干扰程度大。各景观类型的平均分维数均接近1。景观整体破碎化水平较低,景观多样性指数为2.068 6,说明景观多样性丰富,异质性高;均匀度指数为0.783 8,说明景观类型分布均匀。各景观类型的边界褶皱程度均较低,整个景观的边界形状较为简单。
Based on the remote sensing imagery of Liaohe River source with a resolution of 10 m in July 2012 and the topographic maps of 1: 50000, the inventory data of forest resources and the true collection points of GPS terrestrial data, the GIS and ArcGIS, ENVI and landscape index analysis Under the support of software Fragstats, principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimension to select the most important patch morphological index for fragmentation. The landscape pattern characteristics and fragmentation degree of Liaoheyuan forest in northern Hebei were analyzed. The results showed that the broadleaved forest and the coniferous pine were the largest in all the landscape components, and belonged to the Liaohe River source area with concentrated distribution and fragmentation. The area of Larix principis-rupprechtii, sparse woodland, residential area, road and uncultivated land was small Sporadic distribution, high degree of fragmentation, a large degree of human disturbance. The average fractal dimension of each landscape type is close to 1. The overall landscape fragmentation is low, with a diversity index of 2.0686, indicating rich landscape diversity and high heterogeneity. The evenness index is 0.783 8, indicating that landscape types are evenly distributed. The degree of border folds in all landscape types is low, and the boundary shape of the entire landscape is relatively simple.