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对于南海中部(118个表层沉积物样,水深82~4 420 m)、东部(106个表层沉积物样,水深700~4 508 m)海域的表层沉积物的粒度资料按小于200 m,200~2 000 m,大于2 000 m水深段对水深、平均粒径、黏土含量进行统计分析,结果表明从陆架到陆坡再到深海,平均粒径和黏土含量随水深增加呈非常有规律的变化;把大于2 000 m水深区域再细分为大于2 500 m,大于3 000 m,大于3 500 m,结果表明平均粒径和黏土含量随水深增加几乎无变化,在南海中部水深大于2 000 m海域平均粒径为3.39~3.54μm,黏土平均含量为54.91%~55.47%;在南海东部水深大于2 000 m海域平均粒径为3.25~3.37μm,黏土平均含量为53.91%~54.56%。研究表明2 000 m水深具有划分深海沉积物的指示意义。南海中部水深大于2 000 m海域黏土平均含量为55.19%,平均粒径为3.39μm;在南海东部水深大于2 000 m海域黏土平均含量为53.91%,平均粒径为3.37μm;在南海中部、东部水深大于2 000 m海域平均粒径均小于4μm,黏土平均含量均大于50%,表明深海沉积物粒度特征是平均粒径小于4μm和黏土平均含量大于50%。黏土含量是非生物组分的代表和划分深海沉积物类型的一个独立参数,钙质生物和硅质生物组分是另外两个独立参数。南海东部海域表层沉积物中55种元素总含量为47.50%,硅、铝、钛、钠、钾、磷、钙、镁、铁、锰十种主元素含量为47.03%,其他45种元素含量为0.47%,虽然沉积物来源复杂、成因不同,但沉积物化学主成分并不复杂,主要由前10种主元素和氧元素组成。沉积物主元素铝、钙、硅分别富集于黏土、钙质沉积、硅质沉积中。通过建立沉积物生源组分与碳酸钙、三氧化二铝、二氧化硅的量化关系,可把碳酸钙、生物二氧化硅作为钙质生物和硅质生物的两个替代参数。
For the central part of the South China Sea (118 surface sediments, water depths of 82-4 420 m), the grain size data of surface sediments in the eastern (106 surface sediment samples, water depths of 700-4488 m) The results showed that the average particle size and clay content changed very regularly with the increase of water depth from the shelf to the continental slope to the deep sea. The water depth deeper than 2 000 m was further subdivided into more than 2 500 m, more than 3 000 m, and more than 3 500 m. The results showed that the average particle size and clay content almost did not change with the increase of water depth. The average water depth greater than 2 000 m in the central South China Sea The average particle size is 3.39-3.54μm with average clay content ranging from 54.91% to 55.47%. In the eastern South China Sea, the average particle size is 3.25 ~ 3.37μm and the average clay content is 53.91% ~ 54.56%. Studies have shown that a depth of 2 000 m has the indicated significance for the division of deep sea sediments. In the central South China Sea, the average clay content is 55.19% and the average grain size is 3.39μm when the water depth is more than 2 000 m. In the eastern South China Sea, the average clay content is 53.91% and the average grain size is 3.37 μm. The average particle size of seawater deeper than 2 000 m is less than 4 μm, and the average clay content is more than 50%, indicating that the sediment particle size characteristics of deep sea sediments are less than 4 μm in average size and more than 50% in clay. Clay content is a representative of non-biological components and an independent parameter for the classification of deep-sea sediments. Calcareous organisms and siliceous bio-components are the other two independent parameters. The total content of 55 elements in the surface sediments of the eastern South China Sea was 47.50%. The contents of Si, Al, Ti, Na, K, P, Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn were 47.03% and 45 were 0.47%. Although the sources of sediment are complex and have different causes, the main chemical composition of sediment is not complicated and mainly consists of the top 10 main elements and oxygen elements. Sediment main elements of aluminum, calcium and silicon were enriched in clay, calcareous sediments, siliceous sediments. Calcium carbonate and biogenic silica can be used as two alternative parameters for calcareous and siliceous organisms by establishing quantitative relationships between sediments source components and calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide and silica.