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2002年以来,南方杂色鲍苗出现大规模死亡的问题,严重影响到南方鲍产业的发展。为寻找病因,于2004年自广东深圳下沙鲍鱼场培苗过程中变白掉板的杂色鲍苗以及官湖养殖场健康鲍苗各分离到19株和15株异养细菌,在此基础上研究了它们蛋白酶、淀粉酶、明胶酶、磷脂酶的产酶能力及溶血现象,并对它们的产酶能力及溶血能力进行了比较分析。结果表明,虽然来自下沙病鲍苗的菌株比来自官湖的健康鲍苗的溶血能力差;但它们大多数具有较强的分泌蛋白酶、明胶酶、淀粉酶、磷脂酶的能力。考虑到胞外酶是细菌的毒力因子之一,据此推测,下沙鲍鱼场鲍苗发生脱板死亡的原因可能与这些菌株能分泌胞外酶有关。
Since 2002, the problem of large-scale death of Variegata abalone in southern China has seriously affected the development of the southern abalone industry. In order to find out the cause, 19 strains and 15 heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from the abalone abalone seedlings which were blanched in abalone field in Xiasha, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province in 2004 and the healthy abalone in Guanhu farms respectively. On this basis Their protease, amylase, gelatinase and phospholipase production and hemolysis were studied, and their enzyme producing ability and hemolysis ability were compared. The results showed that although the strains from the abalone diseased abalone had worse hemolytic ability than the healthy abalone from Guanhu, most of them had the ability of secreting protease, gelatinase, amylase and phospholipase. Considering that extracellular enzyme is one of the virulence factors of bacteria, it is speculated that the reasons for the death of abalone in Abalone abalone field may be related to the secretion of extracellular enzymes by these strains.