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目的:探讨2015年至2019年山西地区非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）流行病学特征及预后影响因素。方法:选择2015年1月至2019年12月山西省肿瘤医院17 082例NSCLC患者作为研究对象，检索所有患者病历资料，分析患者年龄、性别、职业及吸烟史的流行病学特点。所有患者均给予常规治疗并进行18个月随访，根据随访结果分为死亡组（4 391例）和生存组（12 691例），对患者预后的影响因素进行单因素及多因素logistic回归分析。结果:17 082例NSCLC患者中，2015年为3 058例（17.91%），2016年为3 129例（18.32%），2017年为3 325例（19.46%），2018年为3 564例（20.86%），2019年为4 006例（23.45%），不同年份确诊人数呈上升趋势（n χ2=21.593，n P<0.05）。男性发病率略高于女性[51.76%（8 841/17 082）比48.24%（8 241/17 082）]，64.12%（10 953/17 082）患者发生在61~80岁人群，且职业分布以工人[34.08%（5 821/17 082）]和农民[30.00%（5 124/17 082）]为主，56.69%（9 683/17 082）的患者具有吸烟史。多因素logistic回归分析结果表明，淋巴结转移、肿瘤分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、表皮生长因子受体敏感突变、初始胸腔积液是NSCLC患者预后不良的独立影响因素（均n P<0.05）。n 结论:山西地区2015年至2019年NSCLC发生率呈上升趋势，该病发生与性别、年龄及职业有关；预后影响因素较多，采取针对性干预措施有助于改善患者预后。“,”Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and prognostic affecting factors of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Shanxi from 2015 to 2019.Methods:A total of 17 082 patients with NSCLC in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects. The medical records of all patients were retrieved, and the epidemiological characteristics of the patients\' age, gender, occupation and smoking history were analyzed. All patients were given conventional treatment and followed up for 18 months. According to the follow-up results, they were divided into the death group (4 391 cases) and the survival group (12 691 cases). The single factor and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of patients.Results:Among 17 082 patients with NSCLC, there were 3 058 cases (17.91%) in 2015, 3 129 cases (18.32%) in 2016, 3 325 cases (19.46%) in 2017, 3 564 cases (20.86%) in 2018, and 4 006 cases (23.45%) in 2019, and the number of confirmed cases in different years showed an upward trend (n χ2 = 21.593, n P < 0.05). The incidence rate of males was slightly higher than that of females [51.76% (8 841/17 082) vs. 48.24% (8 241/17 082)], 64.12% (10 953/17 082) occurred in the 61-80 years old population, and the occupational distribution was predominantly workers [34.08% (5 821/17 082)] and farmers [30.00% (5 124/17 082)]; there were 56.69% (9 683/17 082) patients with a history of smoking. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lymph node metastasis, tumor staging Ⅲ-Ⅳ, sensitive mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor, and initial pleural effusion were independent factors influencing the poor prognosis of patients with NSCLC (all n P < 0.05).n Conclusions:The incidence of NSCLC in Shanxi from 2015 to 2019 is on the rise. The incidence of this disease is related to gender, age and occupation. There are many factors affecting the prognosis of patients, and targeted interventions can help improve the prognosis.