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一、引言 热水锅炉在我国节能的新形势下发展迅速,但从产品和技术发展角度看尚处于开发阶段。到1982年底,全国已有大小锅炉7万多台在运行,主要分布在“三北”地区,作为企事业单位和居民区的供暖,单台容量低,平均在4186.8MJ/h以下。 热水供暖的优点已日益受到重视,根据东北地区80％工厂将“蒸汽供暖”改为“热水采暖”,通过多年运行经验表明,汽改水后锅炉设备减少30％,燃料节省30％,人力节省30％。除用于供暖外,用高温高压热水(t=200℃,P≥245×10~4Pa)供热作为一种经济的载热介质也开始在国外受到重视,使南方地区也有可能来代替蒸汽供热,用作
I. INTRODUCTION Hot water boilers develop rapidly under the new situation of energy conservation in China, but they are still in the development stage from the perspective of product and technology development. By the end of 1982, there were more than 70,000 large and small boilers in operation nationwide, mainly in the “Three North” region. As the heating of enterprises, institutions and residential areas, the capacity of a single unit was low, averaging at 4186.8 MJ/h. The advantages of hot water heating have been increasingly taken into account. According to 80% of factories in the northeast, “steam heating” is replaced by “hot water heating”. Through years of experience, the boiler equipment after steam reform has been reduced by 30%, and fuel is saved by 30%. Manpower saves 30%. In addition to heating, the use of high temperature and high pressure hot water (t=200°C, P≥245×10~4Pa) heating as an economic heat carrier medium has also begun to receive attention in foreign countries, making it possible for southern regions to replace steam. Heating, used as