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[目的]为研究油菜茎秆生物力学性能与油菜茎秆倒伏之间的相关性。[方法]通过对四川农业大学油菜研究中心培育的4个不同品系的油菜茎秆进行轴向压缩试验,研究分析各品系油菜茎秆的最大承载力、最大抗压强度、弹性模量和惯性矩沿茎秆距地高度的变化规律,以及品系、含水率对油菜茎秆生物力学性能指标的影响。[结果]随着茎秆距地高度的增加,油菜茎秆最大载荷基本呈线性减小的趋势,最大值在距地50 cm以下。4个品系的茎秆的最大抗压强度和弹性模量均沿着距地高度的而增加,是增长缓慢,变化不大,可认为弹性模量基本不变;干油菜茎秆的最大承载力、最大抗压强度和弹性模量都高于湿茎秆,说明油菜茎秆的含水率显著影响其抗压力学性能;结合田间油菜的实际倒伏情况可知,1 号的生物力学性能最差,倒伏程度也最严重,6 号和 F5的生物力学性能比1号和9号要好,抗倒伏能力也更强。[结论]该研究为相关作物的机械化生产及其产品深加工等作业机械的设计提供设计参数和依据,能更好地揭示生物的物性本质,且该研究所用方法还能对茎秆作物优种筛选进行评价。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the correlation between biomechanical properties of rape stalk and lodging of rape stalk. [Method] Based on the axial compression test of four different strains of rape stalks cultivated by Rape Research Center of Sichuan Agricultural University, the maximum bearing capacity, maximum compressive strength, elastic modulus and moment of inertia Along the height of the stem from the law of variation, as well as strains, moisture content of rape stalk biomechanical performance indicators. [Result] With the increase of stem height from ground, the maximum load of rape stem decreased linearly with the maximum value below 50 cm. The maximum compressive strength and elastic modulus of the stems of the four lines all increased along the height of the ground, which showed slow growth and little change. The elastic modulus of the stems could be regarded as basically unchanged. The maximum bearing capacity of the stem , The maximum compressive strength and elastic modulus are higher than the wet stalks, indicating that the rape stalk moisture content significantly affect its compressive mechanical properties; combined field rape actual lodging situation shows that No. 1 biomechanical properties of the worst lodging The degree of the most serious, No. 6 and F5 biomechanical performance better than No. 1 and No. 9, lodging resistance is also stronger. [Conclusion] The research provided the design parameters and basis for the design of the related mechanics of crops and the deep processing of their products, which could better reveal the nature of biological properties, and the methods used in this study could also screen the superior crops of crops Evaluation.