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为研究面内双轴载荷下304不锈钢材料的力学行为,运用有限元方法对十字形试样尺寸进行了设计与优化,在自主设计的面内双轴疲劳试验系统上对304不锈钢进行了单轴拉伸、双轴比例加载和非比例圆路径下的力学试验。结果表明,比例加载条件下304不锈钢的棘轮应变累积最小,圆路径下材料的棘轮应变最大,而单轴加载的棘轮应变累积介于比例载荷与圆路径之间。进入棘轮应变稳定增长阶段,圆路径对应的棘轮应变率高于单轴与比例加载,说明圆路径使304不锈钢的损伤失效进程加速。
In order to study the mechanical behavior of 304 stainless steel under in-plane biaxial loading, the dimension of cruciform specimen was designed and optimized by using finite element method. In the in-plane biaxial fatigue test system designed independently, Tensile, biaxial loading and non-proportional circular path under the mechanical test. The results show that the ratchet strain of 304 stainless steel has the least cumulative strain under the condition of proportional loading, the ratcheting strain of the material under the circular path is the largest, and the ratcheting strain of uniaxial loading accumulates between the proportional load and the circular path. When the ratchet strain increases steadily, the ratchet strain rate corresponding to the circular path is higher than that of the uniaxial and proportional load, which shows that the circular path accelerates the damage process of the 304 stainless steel.