一、前言在竞技体育领域的研究中，优秀运动员竞技年龄特征一直是备受关注的重要内容之一。因为竞技年龄特征不仅反映着运动员成才和表现最佳训练成果及运动成绩的基本规律，也是制定运动员多年培养方案，合理地利用运动员人才资源和国家经济投人效率的重要依据。叨年代以来， I. Introduction In the research of competitive sports, the competitive age characteristics of elite athletes have always been one of the important issues of great concern. Because athletics age characteristics not only reflect the athletes and the performance of the best training results and sports performance of the basic rules, but also to develop athletes training programs for many years, rational use of athletes and human resources and the efficiency of the country’s economic input important basis. Since the nineteen nineties,