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为研究桥梁结构在地震作用下的碰撞数值模拟方法和碰撞响应特点,设计制作了4组简化碰撞结构试件,进行了振动台试验;将线弹性、Kelvin-Voigt、Hertz、Jan-Hertz-damp这4种接触单元模型引入数值模拟分析中,对试验结果进行数值验证;并进行了桥梁结构碰撞参数敏感性研究。研究结果表明:Jan-Hertz-damp接触单元模型数值模拟精度最高,但计算时间相对较长;在桥梁伸缩缝处设置接触刚度较小的材料,以及增加桥梁结构自身阻尼和相邻联阻尼比差别,都可降低桥梁结构碰撞力响应;随着伸缩缝宽度的增大,碰撞力总体上是减小的;碰撞力响应与桥梁联跨自身动力特性、输入地震波的峰值以及频谱分布有关。
In order to study the numerical simulation method and the response characteristics of the bridge structure under the action of earthquake, four sets of simplified impact structure specimens were designed and tested, and the shaking table test was carried out. The linear elasticity, Kelvin-Voigt, Hertz and Jan-Hertz-damp The four kinds of contact element models are introduced into the numerical simulation and the numerical results are verified. The sensitivity of the bridge structural parameters is also studied. The results show that the numerical simulation of Jan-Hertz-damp contact element model has the highest accuracy, but the calculation time is relatively long. The material with smaller contact stiffness is set at the expansion joints of the bridge, and the difference between the damping of the bridge structure itself and the adjacent damping ratio is increased , The impact response of the bridge structure can be reduced. The impact force decreases as the width of the expansion joint increases. The response of the impact force is related to the dynamic characteristics of the bridge span, the peak of the input seismic wave and the spectrum distribution.