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近年来,随着沿海城市工业的飞速发展,船舶含油废水、工业排污水和城市生活污水等排放的影响,海洋受到石油烃的污染越来越严重。本文就2009—2014年相关数据,对福建中南部沿海的莆田、泉州、漳州和厦门四个海区中养殖的僧帽牡蛎石油烃总量水平的分布特征进行了探讨。结果表明:僧帽牡蛎中石油烃平均含量:围头湾>泉州湾>厦门湾>佛昙湾>东山湾>大港湾>旧镇湾>湄洲湾>诏安湾,其中泉州海区的围头湾养殖僧帽牡蛎中石油烃超标严重。2009—2014年间各个海区养殖僧帽牡蛎中石油烃含量基本都是呈波浪型变化,其中2010年和2013年养殖僧帽牡蛎中石油烃含量较高。2009—2014年间福建中南部沿海养殖僧帽牡蛎总体上受到石油烃不同程度的污染。单因子污染指数(I)在0.08~23.30之间,六年监测的54份僧帽牡蛎中有26%样品受到重度污染,37%样品受到轻度污染,其余样品未受污染。
In recent years, with the rapid development of industries in coastal cities, oil-bearing wastewater from ships, industrial effluent and urban domestic sewage, the oceans are polluted by petroleum hydrocarbons more and more seriously. In this paper, the distribution characteristics of the total amount of petroleum hydrocarbons in the captive oyster cultured in the four sea areas of Putian, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Xiamen along the south central and southern coasts of Fujian Province are discussed in this paper from 2009 to 2014. The results showed that: the average content of petroleum hydrocarbons in the mongolian oysters: Quan head Bay> Quanzhou Bay> Xiamen Bay> Fendan Bay> Dongshan Bay> Dagang Bay> Old Town Bay> Meizhou Bay> Zhaoan Bay, Aquaculture capo oysters in the oil exceeded the standard serious. During the period of 2009-2014, the petroleum hydrocarbon content of cultured capo-oysters in all the sea areas basically fluctuated. Among them, the petroleum hydrocarbon content of captive oyster was higher in 2010 and 2013. Coastal breeding cap-oysters in central-southern Fujian Province were generally polluted by petroleum hydrocarbons to varying degrees during 2009-2014. The single-factor pollution index (I) ranged from 0.08 to 23.30 with 26% of 54 monkshood oysters monitored over a six-year period heavily contaminated, 37% slightly contaminated, and the remaining samples uncontaminated.