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目的探讨焦炉工人血压变化对神经行为的影响,为制定合理的防控措施提供一定的理论依据。方法选取山西某焦化厂198名焦化作业工人为暴露组,该厂145名非焦化作业工人为对照组,使用统一的调查表收集个人信息,静息状态下检测血压3次,采用WHO推荐的神经行为核心测试组合(NCTB)对研究对象的情感状态和神经行为功能进行测试。结果对照组中血压异常的工人数字跨度(倒序、总体)、数字译码和目标追踪(正确数、总数)得分显著低于血压正常的工人,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血压正常的工人中,暴露组工人紧张-焦虑、反应时间等13项指标得分显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而血压异常的工人中,暴露组工人愤怒-敌意、平均反应时间、最快反应时间、最慢反应时间、数字跨度(顺序、倒序、总体)、数字译码和目标追踪(正确数、错误数、总数)得分显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示:神经行为得分与焦炉环境暴露和工人血压水平呈负相关,且数字译码和目标追踪(正确数、总数)得分与暴露和血压的相乘项呈现负相关。结论血压升高可能影响焦炉工人的短期听记忆力、视觉记忆和运动速度以及手部运动速度和准确性,焦炉环境则会影响工人的各项神经行为,且两因素对视觉记忆和运动速度以及手部运动速度和准确性存在负交互作用。
Objective To explore the influence of blood pressure on the neural behavior of coke oven workers and to provide some theoretical basis for making reasonable prevention and control measures. Methods A total of 198 coking workers in a coking plant in Shanxi were selected as the exposure group. 145 non-coking workers in the plant were used as the control group. Personal information was collected using a uniform questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured at rest for three times. The Behavioral Core Test Set (NCTB) tests the affective status and neurobehavioral function of the subjects. Results The number of workers with abnormal blood pressure in the control group was significantly lower than those with normal blood pressure (P <0.05) in terms of digital span (reverse order, population), digital decoding and target tracking (correct number, total score). Of the normotensive workers, the scores of 13 indicators such as anxiety and reaction time in exposed group were significantly lower than those in control group (P <0.05). Among the workers with abnormal blood pressure, workers in the exposure group were angry-hostile, average response time, fastest response time, slowest response time, number span (order, reverse order, overall), digital decoding and target tracking , Total score) was significantly lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that neurobehavioral score was negatively correlated with coke oven environmental exposure and worker’s blood pressure level, and there was a negative correlation between numerical decoding and target tracking (correct number, total score) and exposure and blood pressure multiplication. Conclusions High blood pressure may affect short-term memory, visual memory and movement speed, hand movement speed and accuracy of coke oven workers, coke oven environment will affect workers’ neurological behavior, and the two factors affect visual memory and movement speed As well as a negative interaction between hand movement speed and accuracy.