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1962年至1963年系统地调查北京及天津白菜区十字花科作物上逐月出现的病毒类型及其相对数量,以确定十字花科作物之间病毒的相互关系。从109个分离物中,根据寄主反应,区分成7个类型,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型都和芜菁花叶病毒(白菜孤丁病毒1号即 K_1)的抗血清起反应,因此认为它们是白菜孤丁病毒1号的相关株系:Ⅰ型定为 K_(1-2),根本不侵染菸草;Ⅱ型定为 K_(1-3),能侵染普通菸,产生局部坏死斑,但不侵染心叶菸;Ⅲ型定为 K_(1-4),能侵染心叶菸产生局部坏死斑,能或不能侵染普通菸与产生局部坏死斑,致死温度稍高于65℃;Ⅳ型为典型的白菜孤丁病毒1号的原株系(K_(1-1));Ⅴ及Ⅵ型是未经鉴定的毒原;Ⅶ型是典型菸草环斑型花叶病毒(K_3)。京、津两地109个分离物中,Ⅰ型(K_(1-2))占59%,Ⅱ型(K_(1-3))32%,Ⅲ型(K_(1-4))5.5%,Ⅳ型(K_(1-1))0.9%,Ⅴ型0.87%,Ⅵ型0.87%,Ⅶ型(K_3)0.87%。其中以 K_(1-2)及 K_(1-3)(芜菁花叶病毒亦即白菜孤丁病毒1号)为主,其他类型均不重要。北京及天津两地十字花科作物上病毒类型的分布显然有些差别,在北京地区 K_(1-3)占51.2%,K_(1-2)占34.1%,K_(1-4)占7.3%,其余 K_(1-1),Ⅴ及Ⅵ各占2.5%,无 K_3,而在天津地区则 K_(1-2)占68.8%,K_(1-3)占22.9%,K_(1-4)占6.3%,有 K_3的出现(2.1%),而无 K_(1-1),Ⅴ及Ⅵ。这种差异可能与当地所栽品种及十字花科蔬菜种类有关,因为北京的白菜以青白口品种为主,而 K_(1-3)和 K_(1-2)在青白口品种上的出现此数为3∶2。天津地区的白菜品种邓鄯沽大核桃纹、高杆连心壮及天津绿上的 K_(1-3)和 K_(1-2)的出现比数相应为1∶5,1∶2及3∶4。根据两种采种株,即越冬菜株及当年播的春化种子的种菜上的毒原类型分析,一般均为,K_(1-2)及 K_(1-3),而出现的次数在越年采种株上为多,可见越年采种株是白菜孤丁病毒的主要越冬寄主之一,春化种子的种菜上的病原可能是从越冬采种株上传来的,根据3—10月各种十字花科作物上病毒类型出现次数的分析,K_(1-2)及 K_(1-3)在四至五月间在留种菜、小白菜、油青菜及甘兰上达到高峯,六月间则出现在白菜及甘兰上,最后则出现在秋白菜上,其中甘兰是京津六至九月间的连续作物,因此作为主要越夏寄主的可能性更大,而萝卜则因其播种较秋白菜早10天至15天,正当传毒翅蚜的发生期,因此认为是一个比较危险的过渡寄主。
From 1962 to 1963, the virus types and their relative numbers on the crucifer crops in Beijing and Tianjin cabbage areas were systematically investigated to determine the correlation between the viruses in cruciferous crops. From 109 isolates, they were divided into seven types according to the host reaction, in which types I, II and III all reacted with the antisera of turnip mosaic virus 1 (K 1), and therefore they were considered Is related to cabbage Solitary Strain Virus 1: Type Ⅰ is K_ (1-2), does not infect tobacco at all; Type Ⅱ is designated as K_ (1-3), can infect ordinary tobacco and produce local necrotic spots , But did not infiltrate the heart leaf tobacco. The type Ⅲ was defined as K_ (1-4), which could infect the heart leaf tobacco to produce local necrotic spots, which could or could not infect ordinary tobacco and produce local necrotic spots. The lethal temperature was slightly higher than 65 ℃; Type Ⅳ was a typical Chinese cabbage Solitary Strain Virus No. 1 strain (K_ (1-1)); Type Ⅴ and Ⅵ were unidentified virulence; Type Ⅶ was typical Tobacco Rattus mosaic virus K_3). Among 109 isolates from Beijing and Tianjin, 59% of type I (K_ (1-2)), 32% of type Ⅱ (K_ (1-3)), 5.5% of type Ⅲ (K_ (1-4) , Type Ⅳ (K_ (1-1)) 0.9%, type Ⅴ 0.87%, type Ⅵ 0.87%, type Ⅶ (K_3) 0.87%. Among them, K_ (1-2) and K_ (1-3) (Turnip Mosaic Virus-Chinese cabbage Solitary Virus No. 1) are the main types, and other types are not important. The distribution of virus types in cruciferous crops is obviously different in Beijing and Tianjin. K_ (1-3) accounted for 51.2%, K_ (1-2) accounted for 34.1% and K_ (1-4) accounted for 7.3% , K_ (1-1), Ⅴ and Ⅵ each accounted for 2.5% and K_3 respectively, while K_ (1-2) accounted for 68.8%, K_ (1-3) accounted for 22.9% and K_ (1-4) ) Accounted for 6.3%, with the appearance of K_3 (2.1%), but no K_ (1-1), V and Ⅵ. This difference may be related to the local cultivars and cruciferous vegetable species, because the main white cabbage varieties in Beijing, and K_ (1-3) and K_ (1-2) appear in the Qingbaikou breed The number is 3: 2. Tianjin cabbage varieties Deng 鄯 大 large walnut pattern, tall with even strong and Tianjin green on the K_ (1-3) and K_ (1-2) the emergence of the corresponding ratio of 1: 5, 1: 2 and 3 : 4. According to the analysis of genotypes of the seeds collected from the two seed-bearing plants, that is, the overwintering plants and the vernalized seeds planted in that year, they were generally K_ (1-2) and K_ (1-3) Year of the seed more for the collection, we can see that the Year of the Year Seedling cabbage solitary cabbage host one of the main wintering host, the vernalized seeds of the vegetables may be from the overwintering plant species uploaded from, according to March-October K_ (1-2) and K_ (1-3) peaked in April-May on Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage and cabbage. In June, the number of occurrences of the virus types in cruciferous crops was analyzed. Appeared in cabbage and cabbage, and finally in autumn cabbage, where cabbage is a continuous crop between June and September in Beijing and Tianjin, so it is more likely to be the host of major summer vines and radish due to its sowing Compared with the autumn cabbage 10 days to 15 days, just during the occurrence of poisoning winged aphids, it is considered a more dangerous transitional host.