中国从传统跨入现代有两个标志:在政治上是辛亥革命,在思想与文化上是新文化运动。辛亥革命的性质很明确,先例也很多,例如法国大革命、“土耳其青年”(Young Turk)革命,和十月革命。新文化运动就复杂多了,因此它的性质有种种不同说法。最普遍的一种看法是,它相当于欧洲“文艺复兴”。胡适很可能就是这么看或者期待的:例如,他所指导、推动的学生杂志《新潮》就有Re- China has two symbols from tradition to modernity: it is the Revolution of 1911 in politics and the New Culture Movement in thought and culture. The nature of the 1911 Revolution is very clear and there are many precedents, such as the French Revolution, the “Young Turk” revolution, and the October Revolution. The new cultural movement is much more complex, so there are different versions of its nature. The most common view is that it is equivalent to Europe “Renaissance ”. Hu Shi is likely to look or look like this: for example, he directed the promotion of student magazine “trendy” there Re-