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为明确东华北春玉米区暴发的一种危害严重、引起玉米植株矮化的新病害病原,从病区采集大量病株及其根际土壤,采用室内人工接种的方法对分离频率最高的3种镰孢菌,即亚粘团镰孢菌Fusarium subglutinans、拟轮枝镰孢菌F.verticillioides和层出镰孢菌F.proliferatum及线虫(群体)进行致病性测定。结果表明:有线虫(群体)的处理能够引起该病害典型症状,即植株矮化,叶片上有沿叶脉方向的黄色或白色失绿条纹,茎基部组织从内向外呈纵向或横向开裂,推断该病的发生和线虫有关。将回接发病植株病土中分离的矮化线虫属Tylenchorhynchus sp.、短体线虫属Pratylenchus sp.、发垫刃线虫属Trichotylenchus sp.、拟盘旋线虫属Pararotylenchus sp.、小环线虫属Criconemella sp.、垫刃线虫属Tylenchus sp.、丝尾垫刃线虫属Filenchus sp.、螺旋线虫属Helicotylenchus sp.和真滑刃线虫属Aphelenchus sp.进行分属后再回接,只有发垫刃属线虫的处理出现与田间发病症状一致的植株。综合形态特征、致病力和分子序列分析结果,确定该病病原为长岭发垫刃线虫T.changlingensis,并将该病害称为玉米线虫矮化病(maize nematode stunt disease)。
In order to clarify the outbreak of maize in the eastern part of North China, a serious damage to maize plant dwarf disease caused by a new pathogen from the ward to collect a large number of diseased plants and their rhizosphere soil by indoor artificial inoculation method of the highest frequency of 3 Fusarium species, Fusarium subglutinans, F. Verticillioides, and Fusarium sp. F. proliferatum and nematodes (populations) were tested for pathogenicity. The results showed that the treatment of nematodes (groups) could cause the typical symptoms of the disease, namely, the plants were dwarfed with yellow or white green stripes along the vein in the leaves, and the base tissues of the stems were longitudinally or transversely cracked from the inside to the outside. The occurrence of the disease and nematodes. Will be back to disease pathogens isolated in the soil of dwarfism Nematodes Tylenchorhynchus sp., Pratylenchus sp., Brachyurus genus Trichotylenchus sp., The Quinnetus genus Pararotylenchus sp., Ringworm Criconemella sp. , Tylenchus sp., Filenchus sp., Helicotylenchus sp., And Aphelenchus sp., Belong to the genus and then rejoin only the genus Eumesia Plants that appear to be consistent with the symptoms of the disease in the field. According to the morphological characteristics, pathogenicity and molecular sequence analysis, the pathogen was identified as T. changlingensis, and the disease was called maize nematode stunt disease.